1. Material Standards & Grades

Primary Standards:

• ASTM B160 - Nickel Rod and Bar

• ASTM B164 - Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod and Bar

• GB/T 4435 - Nickel and Nickel Alloy Bars

• EN 10095 - Nickel and Nickel Alloys

Common Material Grades:

2. Chemical Composition (% by weight)

3. Mechanical Properties

4. Physical Properties

5. Product Specifications

6. Manufacturing Processes

Production Methods:

• Hot Rolling: For larger diameters and general applications

• Hot Forging: For improved mechanical properties

• Cold Drawing: For precise dimensions and better surface finish

• Centerless Grinding: For high precision requirements

Surface Conditions:

• Black Surface: Hot worked, scaled surface

• Turned Surface: Machined to remove scale

• Ground Surface: Precision ground finish

• Polished Surface: Mirror finish for special applications

7. Heat Treatment

8. Applications

Industrial Applications:

• Chemical Processing: Valves, pumps, heat exchangers

• Marine Engineering: Propeller shafts, fasteners

• Oil & Gas: Downhole tools, valve components

• Electronics: Lead frames, conductive components

• Aerospace: Turbine components, structural parts

• Food Processing: Equipment for corrosive environments

Specific Uses:

• Electrode materials

• Spark erosion electrodes

• Chemical reactor components

• Marine hardware

• Specialized fasteners

9. Quality Control & Testing

Standard Tests:

• Chemical composition analysis

• Tensile testing

• Hardness testing

• Ultrasonic testing

• Dimensional inspection

• Surface quality inspection

Optional Tests:

• Macroetch examination

• Microstructure analysis

• Corrosion testing

• PMI (Positive Material Identification)

• Non-destructive testing

Quality Certification:

• Material test certificates 3.1/3.2

• ISO 9001 Quality Management System

• PED 2014/68/EU compliance

• NORSOK certification available

• DNV-GL, ABS, LR certification

Technical Advantages:

• Excellent corrosion resistance

• Good mechanical properties over wide temperature range

• Superior machinability and weldability

• Consistent quality and performance

• Reliable in harsh environments

All nickel bars are supplied with complete material certification and can be customized to meet specific application requirements and dimensional specifications.